[고3] 2025년 3월 모의고사 24번 - 지문 구성, 그림 설명, 원문 비교

[고3] 2025년 03월 – 24번: 사람의 흰자위가 협력적 시선 추적에 기여함

 

In fact, humans are known to have the largest and most visible sclera ─ the "whites" of the eyes ─ of any species. This fact intrigues scientists, because it would seem actually to be a considerable obstacle: imagine, for example, the classic war movie scene where the soldier dresses in camouflage and paints his face with green and brown color ─ but can do nothing about his noticeably white sclera, beaming bright against the jungle. There must be some reason humans developed it, despite its obvious costs. In fact, the advantage of visible sclera ─ so goes the "cooperative eye hypothesis" ─ is precisely that it enables humans to see clearly, and from a distance, which direction other humans are looking. Michael Tomasello showed in a 2007 study that chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos ─ our nearest cousins ─ follow the direction of each other's heads, whereas human infants follow the direction of each other's eyes. So the value of looking someone in the eye may in fact be something uniquely human.

 

 

구분	내용 요약	원문
배경 설명	인간은 다른 종보다 가장 크고 잘 보이는 공막(흰자위)을 가지고 있다.	In fact, humans are known to have the largest and most visible sclera ─ the "whites" of the eyes ─ of any species.
문제 제기	흰 공막은 위장에 불리하므로, 진화적으로 의문이 제기된다.	This fact intrigues scientists, because it would seem actually to be a considerable obstacle: imagine, for example, the classic war movie scene where the soldier dresses in camouflage and paints his face with green and brown color ─ but can do nothing about his noticeably white sclera, beaming bright against the jungle.
질문	뚜렷한 단점에도 불구하고 인간이 흰 공막을 발달시킨 이유는 무엇일까?	There must be some reason humans developed it, despite its obvious costs.
주장	공막이 잘 보이는 것은 인간 간 시선 방향 파악에 유리하다는 이론이 있다.	In fact, the advantage of visible sclera ─ so goes the "cooperative eye hypothesis" ─ is precisely that it enables humans to see clearly, and from a distance, which direction other humans are looking.
증거	연구에 따르면 유인원은 머리 방향을 따라가고, 인간 유아는 눈 방향을 따라간다.	Michael Tomasello showed in a 2007 study that chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos ─ our nearest cousins ─ follow the direction of each other's heads, whereas human infants follow the direction of each other's eyes.
결론	시선을 마주보는 행위는 인간만의 독특한 특성일 수 있다.	So the value of looking someone in the eye may in fact be something uniquely human.

 

 

 

 

	문제 지문	원문 지문
1	In fact, humans are known to have the largest and most visible sclera ─ the "whites" of the eyes ─ of any species.	In fact, humans are known to have the largest and most visible sclera — the “whites” of the eyes — of any species.
2	This fact intrigues scientists, because it would seem actually to be a considerable obstacle:	This fact intrigues scientists, because it would seem actually to be a considerable hindrance:
3	imagine, for example, the classic war movie scene where the soldier dresses in camouflage and paints his face with green and brown color ─ but can do nothing about his noticeably white sclera, beaming bright against the jungle.	imagine, for example, the classic war movie scene where the soldier dresses in camouflage and smears his face with green and brown pigment — but can do nothing about his conspicuously white sclera, beaming bright against the jungle.
4	There must be some reason humans developed it, despite its obvious costs.	There must be some reason humans developed it, despite its obvious costs.
5	In fact, the advantage of visible sclera ─ so goes the "cooperative eye hypothesis" ─ is precisely that it enables humans to see clearly, and from a distance, which direction other humans are looking.	In fact, the advantage of visible sclera — so goes the “cooperative eye hypothesis” — is precisely that it enables humans to see clearly, and from a distance, which direction other humans are looking.
6	Michael Tomasello showed in a 2007 study that chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos ─ our nearest cousins ─ follow the direction of each other's heads, whereas human infants follow the direction of each other's eyes.	Michael Tomasello at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology showed in a 2007 study that chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos — our nearest cousins — follow the direction of each other’s heads, whereas human infants follow the direction of each other’s eyes.
7	So the value of looking someone in the eye may in fact be something uniquely human.	So the value of looking someone in the eye may in fact be something uniquely human.

 

* 원문 참고 어휘

• hindrance 방해물 (= obstacle)
• smear 바르다, 칠하다 (= paint)
• pigment 안료, 물감 (= color)
• conspicuously 눈에 띄게 (= noticeably)
• Anthropology 인류학

 

 

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