[고2] 2025년 3월 모의고사 30번 - 지문 구성, 그림 설명, 원문 비교

[고2] 2025년 03월 – 30번: 과학의 신뢰 문제와 자금 출처 공개의 중요성

 

There are reasons why science is not fully trusted and why healthy skepticism and critical thinking are essential. In spite of professional standards, claims of objectivity, and the peer review process, the conduct of science can be biased. All experts are not the same, nor do they submit their work to the same scrutiny. Knowing the source of funding can be important in evaluating scientific claims. For example, the Harvard researchers who made claims in the late 1960s about the problems with dietary fat, leading the nation away from perceiving sugar as one of the main causes in health problems, were funded in part by the sugar industry. The authors did not reveal their funding source to the New England Journal of Medicine, where their influential article appeared. Their article shaped a generation of changes in eating patterns that appears to have fostered higher use of sugar, now widely implicated as a source of the rise in obesity and diabetes. Stories such as this one fuel suspicion ─ but also lead to further safeguards in the scientific process. Funding disclosures, although not required five decades ago, have since been made compulsory.

 

 

구분	내용	원문
주장	과학에 대한 완전한 신뢰가 부족한 이유와 비판적 사고의 필요성.	There are reasons why science is not fully trusted and why healthy skepticism and critical thinking are essential.
근거	과학의 수행이 편향될 수 있으며, 모든 전문가가 동일한 검증을 받는 것은 아니다.	In spite of professional standards, claims of objectivity, and the peer review process, the conduct of science can be biased. All experts are not the same, nor do they submit their work to the same scrutiny.
근거	연구 자금 출처를 아는 것은 과학적 주장 평가에 중요하다.	Knowing the source of funding can be important in evaluating scientific claims.
예시	1960년대 후반 하버드 연구자들은 설탕 산업의 자금을 받아 지방의 문제를 강조하는 연구를 했으며, 이는 설탕 섭취 증가와 비만, 당뇨병 상승에 영향을 미쳤다.	For example, the Harvard researchers who made claims in the late 1960s about the problems with dietary fat, leading the nation away from perceiving sugar as one of the main causes in health problems, were funded in part by the sugar industry. The authors did not reveal their funding source to the New England Journal of Medicine, where their influential article appeared. Their article shaped a generation of changes in eating patterns that appears to have fostered higher use of sugar, now widely implicated as a source of the rise in obesity and diabetes.
결론	이러한 사례들은 의심을 불러일으키지만, 과학적 절차에 대한 추가적인 안전장치로 이어지며, 현재는 자금 공개가 의무화되었다.	Stories such as this one fuel suspicion ─ but also lead to further safeguards in the scientific process. Funding disclosures, although not required five decades ago, have since been made compulsory.

 

 

 

 

 

	문제 지문	원문 지문
1	There are reasons why science is not fully trusted and why healthy skepticism and critical thinking are essential.	There are also reasons why science is not fully trusted and why healthy skepticism and critical thinking are essential.
2	In spite of professional standards, claims of objectivity, and the peer review process, the conduct of science can be biased.	In spite of professional standards, claims of objectivity, and the peer review process, the conduct of science is also imperfect and can be biased.
3	All experts are not the same, nor do they submit their work to the same scrutiny.	All experts are not the same, nor do they submit their work to the same scrutiny.
4	Knowing the source of funding can be important in evaluating scientific claims.	Knowing the source of funding can be particularly important in evaluating scientific claims.
5	For example, the Harvard researchers who made claims in the late 1960s about the problems with dietary fat, leading the nation away from perceiving sugar as one of the main causes in health problems, were funded in part by the sugar industry.	For example, the Harvard researchers who made claims in the late 1960s about the problems with dietary fat, steering the nation away from perceiving sugar as a culprit in health problems, were funded in part by the sugar industry, through the Sugar Research Foundation.
6	The authors did not reveal their funding source to the New England Journal of Medicine, where their influential article appeared.	The authors did not disclose their funding source to the New England Journal of Medicine, where their influential article appeared,
7	Their article shaped a generation of changes in eating patterns that appears to have fostered higher use of sugar, now widely implicated as a source of the rise in obesity and diabetes.	shaping a generation of changes in eating patterns that appears to have fostered higher use of sugar, now widely implicated as a source of the rise in obesity and diabetes.
8	Stories such as this one fuel suspicion ─ but also lead to further safeguards in the scientific process.	Stories such as this one fuel suspicion — but also lead to further safeguards in the scientific process.
9	Funding disclosures, although not required five decades ago, have since been made compulsory.	Funding disclosures, although not required five decades ago, have since been mandated.

 

* 원문 참고 어휘

• imperfect 불완전한
• particularly 특히
• steer 이끌다 (= lead)
• culprit 범인, 원인 (= cause)
• disclose 밝히다, 공개하다 (= reveal)
• mandated 법에 규정된, 의무인 (= compulsory)

 

 

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