[고1] 2025년 6월 모의고사 39번 - 지문 구성, 그림 설명, 원문 비교

[고1] 2025년 06월 – 39번: 인간의 얼굴이 물에 잠길 때 발현되는 잠수 반사 작용

 

We have a 'diving reflex', like other marine mammals. This means that special nerve endings on our faces, around the mouth and nose, trigger this reflex only when the facial region goes under water. If we are in the water, with our head out in the air, there is no diving reflex. But if we sink just our face in a bowl of water, while the whole of the rest of our body is in the dry air, the diving reflex is triggered. It automatically closes down the airway, reducing the risk of swallowing water, and it narrows the small air-passages in the lungs. At the same time the heart rate is slowed down to half speed and blood is shunted to the vital organs, protecting them from the effects of the brief stop in breathing. By contrast, if a chimpanzee or a gorilla found itself in water with its face below the surface, it would panic, its heart would race and it would quickly drown.

 

 

구분	내용	원문
배경 설명	인간도 다른 해양 포유류처럼 ‘잠수 반사’를 지닌다	We have a 'diving reflex', like other marine mammals.
정의	얼굴의 신경 말단이 물속에 잠길 때만 반사를 유발한다	This means that special nerve endings on our faces, around the mouth and nose, trigger this reflex only when the facial region goes under water.
근거	얼굴만 물에 넣으면 반사가 발동하지만 머리가 공기 중에 있으면 발생하지 않는다	If we are in the water, with our head out in the air, there is no diving reflex. But if we sink just our face in a bowl of water, while the whole of the rest of our body is in the dry air, the diving reflex is triggered.
결과	반사는 기도 폐쇄·심박수 반감·혈류 집중으로 익수 위험을 줄인다	It automatically closes down the airway, reducing the risk of swallowing water, and it narrows the small air-passages in the lungs. At the same time the heart rate is slowed down to half speed and blood is shunted to the vital organs, protecting them from the effects of the brief stop in breathing.
대조	침팬지·고릴라는 물에 얼굴이 잠기면 공포로 심박이 상승해 곧 익사한다	By contrast, if a chimpanzee or a gorilla found itself in water with its face below the surface, it would panic, its heart would race and it would quickly drown.

 

 

번호	문제 지문	원문 지문
1	We have a 'diving reflex', like other marine mammals.	We have a 'diving reflex', like other marine mammals.
2	This means that special nerve endings on our faces, around the mouth and nose, trigger this reflex only when the facial region goes under water.	This means that special nerve endings on our faces, around the mouth and nose, trigger this reflex only when the facial region is submerged in water.
3	If we are in the water, with our head out in the air, there is no diving reflex.	If we tread water, with our head out in the air, there is no diving reflex.
4	But if we sink just our face in a bowl of water, while the whole of the rest of our body is in the dry air, the diving reflex is triggered.	But if we sink just our face in a bowl of water, while the whole of the rest of our body is in the dry air, the diving reflex is triggered.
5	It automatically closes down the airway, reducing the risk of swallowing water, and it narrows the small air-passages in the lungs.	It automatically closes down the airway, reducing the risk of swallowing water, and it constricts the small air-passages in the lungs.
6	At the same time the heart rate is slowed down to half speed and blood is shunted to the vital organs, protecting them from the effects of the brief stop in breathing.	At the same time the heart rate is slowed down to half speed and blood is shunted to the vital organs, protecting them from the effects of the temporary cessation of breathing.
7	By contrast, if a chimpanzee or a gorilla found itself in water with its face below the surface, it would panic, its heart would race and it would quickly drown.	By contrast, if a chimpanzee or a gorilla found itself in water with its face below the surface, it would panic, its heart would race and it would quickly drown (as many zoos discovered to their cost when they first installed water-ditches around ape enclosures).

 

* 원문 참고 어휘

 

• submerged 잠긴 (= goes under water)
• tread 걷다, 밟다
• constrict 수축시키다, 조이다 (= narrow)
• temporary 일시적인 (= brief)
• cessation 중단, 정지 (= stop)

 

 

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