[고1] 2025년 6월 모의고사 30번 - 지문 구성, 그림 설명, 원문 비교

[고1] 2025년 06월 – 30번: 생태학적 오류로 인한 잘못된 인과관계 추론의 위험성

 

It is natural for people to observe happenings and then seek explanations for why those happenings occurred. But sometimes the reasoning is wrong because of one or more misconceptions. One of these is the ecological fallacy, where an argument claims that there is a causal relationship between two things merely because they occur together. For example, in the 1950s it was found that crime rates were the highest in neighborhoods where immigrants were most numerous. Some people used this "co-occurrence" to argue that immigrants were a cause of crime. But a careful analysis of this situation revealed that immigrants were forced to live in neighborhoods where crime rates were already high; they could not afford more expensive housing in safer neighborhoods. Immigrants themselves committed very few of the crimes. Unless you analyze the claim carefully, you would misinterpret the relationship and thereby construct a faulty belief.

 

 

구분	내용	원문
배경 설명	사람들은 사건을 보고 왜 그런지 설명을 찾으려 한다.	It is natural for people to observe happenings and then seek explanations for why those happenings occurred.
문제 제기	함께 나타난다는 이유만으로 원인이라 여기면 생태학적 오류가 발생한다.	But sometimes the reasoning is wrong because of one or more misconceptions. One of these is the ecological fallacy, where an argument claims that there is a causal relationship between two things merely because they occur together.
예시	1950년대 범죄율이 높은 이민자 밀집 지역을 근거로 이민자가 범죄를 일으킨다고 주장한다.	For example, in the 1950s it was found that crime rates were the highest in neighborhoods where immigrants were most numerous. Some people used this co-occurrence to argue that immigrants were a cause of crime.
반박	실제로는 이민자가 저렴한 범죄지역에 살며 범죄의 주범은 지역 사회 조건이다.	But a careful analysis of this situation revealed that immigrants were forced to live in neighborhoods where crime rates were already high; they could not afford more expensive housing in safer neighborhoods. Immigrants themselves committed very few of the crimes.
결론	주장을 자세히 검토하지 않으면 관계를 오해해 잘못된 믿음을 만든다.	Unless you analyze the claim carefully, you would misinterpret the relationship and thereby construct a faulty belief.

 

 

번호	문제 지문	원문 지문
1		Sometimes an argument in a media message will be based on causal claims.
2		A causal claim is something like this: A causes B, so when we have an A, a B will always follow; and when we have a B, there is an A preceding it.
3	It is natural for people to observe happenings and then seek explanations for why those happenings occurred.	It is natural for people to observe happenings and then seek explanations for why those happenings occurred.
4	But sometimes the reasoning is wrong because of one or more misconceptions.	But sometimes the reasoning is wrong because of one or more fallacies.
5	One of these is the ecological fallacy, where an argument claims that there is a causal relationship between two things merely because they occur together.	One of these is the ecological fallacy, where an argument claims that there is a causal relationship between two things merely because they occur together.
6	For example, in the 1950s it was found that crime rates were the highest in neighborhoods where immigrants were most numerous.	For example, in the 1950s it was found that crime rates were the highest in neighborhoods where immigrants were most numerous.
7	Some people used this "co-occurrence" to argue that immigrants were a cause of crime.	Some people used this “co-occurrence” to argue that immigrants were a cause of crime.
8	But a careful analysis of this situation revealed that immigrants were forced to live in neighborhoods where crime rates were already high; they could not afford more expensive housing in safer neighborhoods.	But a careful analysis of this situation revealed that immigrants were forced to live in neighborhoods where crime rates were already high; they could not afford more expensive housing in safer neighborhoods.
9	Immigrants themselves committed very few of the crimes.	Immigrants themselves committed very few of the crimes.
10	Unless you analyze the claim carefully, you would misinterpret the relationship and thereby construct a faulty belief.	Unless you analyze the claim carefully, you would misinterpret the relationship and thereby construct a faulty belief.

 

* 원문 참고 어휘

• fallacy 오류 (= misconception)

 

 

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