[고2] 2025년 9월 모의고사 32번 - 지문 구성, 그림 설명, 원문 비교

[고2] 2025 09월 – 32번: 개인의 지식과 선호를 드러나게 하는 시장 메커니즘(market mechanism)

 

A great strength of the market mechanism is that there are incentives for individuals to reveal their knowledge through their behavior. This stands in contrast to many strategic situations ─ for example, in political negotiations ─ in which it is wise not to let the other side know what one's true preferences or production capacities are. A perfectly competitive market that clears on the spot leaves no room for such strategies. If prices are not sticky ─ as many models assume ─ individuals adapt their behavior instantaneously, whenever their preferences or the circumstances change. They stop buying items that do not satisfy their needs and stop selling items that do not provide them with optimal gains, maybe switching to the production of other items. If they have motivational problems, for example, falling into denial about the fact that there is no demand for their products, markets reveal to them, sometimes in quite brutal ways, that they better accept this fact.

 

 

 

[지문 구조 분석]

	내용	문제 지문
주장	시장 메커니즘의 강점은 개인이 행동을 통해 자신의 지식을 드러내도록 유인하는 것이다	A great strength of the market mechanism is that there are incentives for individuals to reveal their knowledge through their behavior.
대조	이는 정치 협상과 같은 전략적 상황과 달리 시장에서는 진짜 선호나 생산 능력을 숨길 여지가 없다	This stands in contrast to many strategic situations ─ for example, in political negotiations ─ in which it is wise not to let the other side know what one's true preferences or production capacities are. A perfectly competitive market that clears on the spot leaves no room for such strategies.
설명	가격이 경직되지 않다면 개인은 상황이나 선호가 바뀔 때 즉시 행동을 조정한다	If prices are not sticky ─ as many models assume ─ individuals adapt their behavior instantaneously, whenever their preferences or the circumstances change. They stop buying items that do not satisfy their needs and stop selling items that do not provide them with optimal gains, maybe switching to the production of other items.
예시	동기 부여 문제로 현실을 부정해도 시장은 수요가 없음을 가혹하게 드러내어 사실을 받아들이게 만든다	If they have motivational problems, for example, falling into denial about the fact that there is no demand for their products, markets reveal to them, sometimes in quite brutal ways, that they better accept this fact.

 

 

[이미지]

 

 

[원문 비교]

	문제 지문	원문 지문
1	A great strength of the market mechanism is that there are incentives for individuals to reveal their knowledge through their behavior.	A great strength of the market mechanism is that there are incentives for individuals to reveal their knowledge through their behavior.
2	This stands in contrast to many strategic situations ─ for example, in political negotiations ─ in which it is wise not to let the other side know what one's true preferences or production capacities are.	This stands in contrast to many strategic situations—for example, in political negotiations—in which it is wise not to let the other side know what one’s true preferences or production capacities are.
3	A perfectly competitive market that clears on the spot leaves no room for such strategies.	A perfectly competitive market that clears on the spot leaves no room for such maneuvers.
4	If prices are not sticky ─ as many models assume ─ individuals adapt their behavior instantaneously, whenever their preferences or the circumstances change.	If prices are not sticky—as many models assume—individuals adapt their behavior instantaneously, whenever their preferences or the circumstances change.
5	They stop buying items that do not satisfy their needs and stop selling items that do not provide them with optimal gains, maybe switching to the production of other items.	They stop buying items that do not satisfy their needs and stop selling items that do not provide them with optimal gains, maybe switching to the production of other items.
6	If they have motivational problems, for example, falling into denial about the fact that there is no demand for their products, markets reveal to them, sometimes in quite brutal ways, that they better accept this fact.	If they have motivational problems, for example, falling into denial about the fact that there is no demand for their products, markets reveal to them, sometimes in quite brutal ways, that they better accept this fact.

 

* 원문 참고 어휘

• maneuver 책략, 책동, 술책 (= strategy)

 

 

 

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