2027 EBS 수능특강 영어 - 원문 출처 정리 (9강, 11~14강)

English Finder 일괄검색 결과

[7강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

The economic benefit of culturtainment makes it attractive to politicians and policy makers alike. A potential increase in inbound visitor numbers coupled with their demand for related goods and services (travel, accommodation, retail) is an incentive for those within governments and authorities to work with cultural groups in order to develop celebrations and commemorations into larger and more high-profile events. However, such commercialization risks culturtainment becoming homogeneous and losing its original 'message' that could lead to a dilution of audiences. This could also lead to smaller non-commercial independent events being set up that would only serve to divide audiences further. This is something that planners and stakeholders will need to balance against potential financial gain. Changing political, social and religious landscapes will lead to the emergence of new cultures, and with them new culturtainment experiences. Overall this is a healthy growth sector of the entertainment industry, but one that by its very nature is delicate in the face of exploitation.

Google Books 검색 문구

economic benefit of culturtainment makes it attractive to politicians and policy makers

Google Books

The Entertainment Industry

Stuart Moss · 2010

... economic benefit of culturtainment makes it attractive to politicians and policy makers alike . A potential increase in inbound visitor numbers coupled with their demand for related goods and services ( travel , accommodation , retail ) ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[7강 - 01번]

본문 지문

You've probably heard that it takes about ten thousand hours of practice to become an expert in anything — a musical instrument, a sport, chess, cooking, or a foreign language. The research by K. Anders Ericsson on this topic has been written about many times, and it was made even more famous when Malcolm Gladwell described it in his bestselling book Outliers. However, recently, a cohort of researchers reexamined the studies and research behind the 10K figure and said, quite dramatically, that the ten-thousand-hour rule was utter nonsense. Specifically, there is nothing particularly special about ten thousand hours, and while practice is clearly important to boost performance, other factors may play an even more important role. What are those other factors that get us to expert levels of performance? Pure innate talent? Intelligence? Luck of the draw? Perseverance? Hard work? Yes, it's all of that... and more. Age, experience, and environment all play a role. In other words, there's no one certain factor that can predict or ensure mastery or optimal performance of anything.

Google Books 검색 문구

one certain factor that can predict or ensure mastery or optimal performance

Google Books

Good Anxiety

Wendy Suzuki · 2022-09-06

... one certain factor that can predict or ensure mastery or optimal performance of anything . The Hungarian - American psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmi- halyi has led the charge in this area of affective neuroscience research - first with ...

추가 확인 권장
검색 문구는 확인됐지만 주변 문맥 비교 근거가 충분하지 않습니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[7강 - 02번]

본문 지문

In the old Soviet Union, a famous U.S. beverage company wanted to set up a bottling plant and distribution network. The prevailing ideology in the old Soviet Union at the time stressed the importance of the group over the individual and the need to develop industrial capacity at the expense of consumer goods. Soft drinks hardly seemed to fit the country's ideological priorities. Indeed, one government official dismissed the product as a "useless drink." Eventually, the two sides struck a deal, but not on the basis that the drink would quench the local population's thirst. Instead, the U.S. negotiators justified the project on the grounds that it would contribute to the country's industrial development. They restructured the project to include a heavy training component for local workers and managers, as well as a farm that would grow certain of the drink's ingredients. In addition, the company promised to make efforts to persuade other American companies to consider investments in the country.

Google Books 검색 문구

restructured the project to include a heavy training component for local workers

Google Books

The Global Negotiator

Jeswald Salacuse · 2015-01-13

... restructured the project to include a heavy training component for local workers and managers , as well as a farm that would grow certain of the drink's ingredients . In addition , Coke promised to make efforts to persuade other ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[7강 - 03번]

본문 지문

In 2012, the Yale School of Architecture held a symposium called "Is Drawing Dead?" The bold title reflects a growing sense that the architect's freehand sketch is being displaced by the computer. The transition from sketchpad to screen entails, many architects believe, a loss of creativity, of adventurousness. Thanks to the precision and apparent completeness of screen renderings, a designer working at a computer has a tendency to lock in, visually and cognitively, on a design at an early stage. He bypasses much of the reflective and exploratory playfulness that springs from the uncertainty and ambiguity of sketching. Researchers term this phenomenon "premature fixation" and trace its cause to "the disincentive for design changes once a large amount of detail and interconnectedness is built too quickly into a CAD (Computer-Aided Design) model." The designer at the computer also tends to emphasize formal experimentation at the expense of expressiveness. By weakening an architect's "personal, emotional connection with the work," a renowned American architect and designer Michael Graves argues, CAD software produces designs that, "while complex and interesting in their own way," often "lack the emotional content of a design derived from hand.

Google Books 검색 문구

disincentive for design changes once a large amount of detail and interconnectedness

Google Books

The Glass Cage

Nicholas Carr · 2014-09-29

... disincentive for design changes once a large amount of detail and interconnectedness is built too quickly into a CAD model . " 44 The designer at the computer also tends to emphasize formal experimentation at the expense of ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[7강 - 04번]

본문 지문

Limited animation is a process of making animated cartoons that does not follow a "realistic" approach. The short cartoons and feature films of Walt Disney from the 1930s and 1940s are widely acclaimed for depicting animated simulations of reality, with exquisite detail in every frame. However, this style of animation is very time-consuming and expensive. "Limited" animation creates an image that uses abstract art, symbolism, and limited movement to create the same effect, but at a much lower production cost. This style of animation depends more upon suspension of disbelief to tell a story; the story exists more in the viewer's imagination. It also encourages the animators to indulge in artistic styles that are not necessarily bound to the limits of the real world. The result is a new artistic style that could not have developed if animation was solely devoted to producing simulations of reality. Without limited animation, such ground-breaking films as Yellow Submarine, Chuck Jones' The Dot and the Line, and many others could never have been produced.

Google Books 검색 문구

1930s and 1940s are widely acclaimed for depicting animated simulations of reality

Google Books

Animation & Cartoons

Nicolae Sfetcu · 2014-05-07

... 1930s and 1940s are widely acclaimed for depicting animated simulations of reality, with exquisite detail in every frame. However, this style of animation is very time-consuming and expensive. "Limited" animation creates an image that ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[9강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

Max Kleiber, a pioneer in the study of animal biology, was best known for his research on animal nutrition and metabolism. He was born in Zurich, Switzerland in 1893. Kleiber graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 1920 and earned his doctoral degree in 1924. He came to the University of California at Davis (UC Davis) in 1929 to conduct research on energy metabolism in animals. In 1952, Kleiber received the distinguished Borden Award from the American Institute of Nutrition and, a year later, the Morrison Award from the American Society for Animal Production. Kleiber's book, The Fire of Life, was published in 1961 and subsequently translated into German, Polish, Spanish, and Japanese. Kleiber was an outstanding teacher popular with undergraduates and graduate students alike. Before his death, a new classroom building at UC Davis was named Kleiber Hall in his honor.

Google Books 검색 문구

Kleiber was an outstanding teacher popular with undergraduates and graduate students alike

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[9강 - 01번]

본문 지문

William Henry Perkin was born in London in 1838 to a family of builders and was expected to follow the same path. However, his life changed when, at the age of twelve, a friend introduced him to a simple chemistry set. He later studied at the Royal College of Chemistry, where he was taught by the distinguished German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann. Perkin's curiosity led him to build a small laboratory at home, where he continued his experiments. At eighteen, he conducted an experiment that would change his life. He tried to make quinine, a costly medicine for malaria. He failed and produced only an ugly black substance, in which he became interested. When he dissolved it in methylated spirit, the mixture blossomed into a rich and bright purple. This led to the creation of the first synthetic dye, mauve. Perkin's discovery helped start the synthetic dye industry, making vibrant colors more accessible and affordable around the world.

Google Books 검색 문구

he was taught by the distinguished German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[9강 - 02번]

본문 지문

Charles Frederick Worth was the most famous fashion designer of the 19th century. He was born in 1825 in Bourne, Lincolnshire, one of five children. His father abandoned the family by the time he was 11, leaving them impoverished. His mother was left with little choice but to find an apprenticeship for him at a printer's shop, but the young boy hated the work. He persuaded his mother to allow him to move to London to gain employment at Swan & Edgar, a haberdashery located in the recently constructed Regent Street. There, he was given the opportunity to work with textiles, which gave him an outstanding grounding for the future. Perhaps equally important were his frequent visits to the new National Gallery, within walking distance of Swan & Edgar. Worth's knowledge of costume history, gained from observing portraits in the National Gallery, was very helpful to his career.

Google Books 검색 문구

persuaded his mother to allow him to move to London to gain

Google Books

The Great Fashion Designers

Brenda Polan, Roger Tredre · 2026-01-22

... persuaded his mother to allow him to move to London to gain employment at Swan & Edgar , a haberdasher located in the recently constructed Regent Street . This was effectively Worth's home through his teenage years ; legend has it that ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[9강 - 03번]

본문 지문

Charles Lyell (1797-1875), best known as the author of Principles of Geology, was born in Scotland to a wealthy family, the eldest of ten. When he was quite young, he moved with his family to Hampshire in southern England, where he luxuriated in nature and collected moths. At Exeter College, Oxford, he studied under Professor Buckland but became disappointed with his mentor's biblical interpretations of geology. After earning his bachelor's degree in the classics, Lyell pursued law, but his eyesight was weak, and law studies were difficult. Although he was called to the bar in 1822 at Lincoln's Inn, his father's financing allowed him to pursue his childhood love of nature and geology. He became Secretary of the Geological Society of London in 1823 and served as its president for two terms, traveling widely and studying geology not only in England but in France, Sicily, the Alps, the Canary Islands, and North America (from Nova Scotia to the Mississippi Delta).

Google Books 검색 문구

financing allowed him to pursue his childhood love of nature and geology

Google Books

Song of the Earth

Elisabeth Ervin-Blankenheim · 2021

... financing allowed him to pursue his childhood love of nature and geology. He joined the Geological Society in 1823 and served as its president for two terms, becoming an ardent proponent of Hutton's ideas, traveling widely, and studying ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[9강 - 04번]

본문 지문

Ivan Beltrami was born on June 14, 1920, in Marseille, France, to a family committed to medicine ― his father was a doctor and his mother a nurse. Raised in a Catholic environment, he grew up valuing compassion and justice, particularly influenced by the discrimination faced by his Jewish friends. During World War II, Beltrami studied medicine while secretly aiding the French Resistance. From 1942, he served as a courier and provided medical assistance to those in need. He also risked his life by sheltering Jewish individuals in his home, actions for which he was later honored as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem in 1984. After the war, he dedicated himself to improving healthcare access in underserved communities, establishing clinics in rural areas of southern France. He passed away on November 12, 1991, leaving behind a legacy of kindness and courage.

Google Books 검색 문구

actions for which he was later honored as Righteous Among the Nations

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[11강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

We are exceptionally smart, and this helps us adapt to a wide range of environments. But we are not nearly smart enough as individuals to solve the adaptive problems that confronted modern humans as they spread across the globe. The package of tools, foraging techniques, ecological knowledge, and social arrangements used by any group of foragers is far too complex for any individual to create. We are able to learn all the things we need to know in each of the many different environments in which we live only because we acquire information from others. We are much better at learning from others than other species are, and we are motivated to learn from others even when we do not understand why our models are doing what they are doing. This psychology allows human populations to accumulate pools of adaptive information that greatly exceed the inventive capacities of individuals.

Google Books 검색 문구

psychology allows human populations to accumulate pools of adaptive information that greatly

Google Books

A Different Kind of Animal

Robert Boyd · 2019-11-19

... psychology allows human populations to accumulate pools of adaptive information that greatly exceed the inventive capacities of individuals. Cumulative cultural evolution is crucial for human adaptation. We humans would not be an ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[11강 - 01번]

본문 지문

Here's an application of metaphors to research papers: Below-grade-level readers in my urban middle school have a great deal of difficulty doing research. Their answer when assigned to do "a report" is to come to the media center and copy verbatim everything in the encyclopedia article or whatever source they have located, be it Internet, print, or whatever. To try to get the students to understand why it isn't necessary to copy everything in the articles, I use a comparison to a supermarket. I ask them if everything in the supermarket is useful, and we discuss this, with the usual conclusion being that it is, but we don't buy everything all the time. Then I ask them why they don't buy everything each time they go and how they determine what to buy when they go with their parents. Someone usually mentions that they have a list. From that point on, I lead a discussion about how whatever their teachers have asked for is their "shopping list" for their research, and they should just read for that information and write it down in note format. It sometimes helps them to understand that copying everything is a wasteful endeavor.

Google Books 검색 문구

is to come to the media center and copy verbatim everything

Google Books

Metaphors & Analogies

Rick Wormeli · 2009

... is to come to the media center and copy verbatim everything in the encyclo- pedia article or whatever source they have located, be it Internet, print, or whatever. . . . To try to get the students to understand why it isn't nec- essary ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[11강 - 02번]

본문 지문

Reformist approaches assume that markets could operate in more equitable and environmentally reasonable ways, and that a market is the most efficient option available. Yet the logic of market efficiencies generally rotates on purely monetary calculations, effectively reasoning in a hall of mirrors and marginalising real social and environmental values. Familiar examples are conventional food retailers, such as supermarkets, which purchase fruit and vegetables as cheaply as possible. Inexpensive produce might be grown using soil- and water-damaging fertilisers, by poorly paid illegal migrant workers, and transported long distances using more cheap labour and environmentally damaging practices. However, organic farmers can only follow ecologically sound practices and make sure they pay their workers fair wages if the food costs more, meaning supply for an elite demand. By its very nature, one never manages to escape the conundrums that production for trade entails. Real social and environmental values involved in caring for people and Earth highlight the inequities and damage of market-oriented activities.

Google Books 검색 문구

environmental values involved in caring for people and Earth highlight the inequities

Google Books

Beyond Money

Anitra Nelson · 2022-01-20

... environmental values involved in caring for people and Earth highlight the inequities and damage of market-oriented activities. Still, reformists persist in believing that markets can be restructured, that capitalists can be re-formed ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[11강 - 03번]

본문 지문

There is no scientific basis for the term "race". Most humans are genetically very similar and there is so little variation amongst us that it is not possible to draw neat boundaries around people and label them as a distinct racial group. Race is an example of social construction, where social processes create something that essentially does not exist but takes on real force in people's lives. Sociologists prefer to call these processes "racialization". Historical evidence that race has always been an issue is hard to find. For example, in ancient Rome there were various leading figures, such as Emperor Septimius Severus (ruled C.E. 193-211), who were black. Little is said of their skin colour in accounts written at the time, because the ancient Romans did not think it made any difference. They thought more in terms of judging people as being civilized or a barbarian.

Google Books 검색 문구

social processes create something that essentially does not exist but takes

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[11강 - 04번]

본문 지문

Many factors contribute to Americans' growing waistlines, but one observation in particular cannot be overlooked: The incidence of obesity has increased in parallel with increasing portion sizes. Consider this: Adults today consume an average of 300 more calories per day than they did in the year 1985. Is this just a coincidence, or do larger portion sizes have something to do with it? In almost every eating situation, we are now confronted by huge portions, which are perceived as "normal" or "a great value." Americans have created the perception that large portion sizes are appropriate, creating an environment of portion distortion. We find portion distortions in restaurants, where the jumbo-sized portions are consistently 250 percent larger than the regular portions. We even find portion distortions in our homes, where the sizes of our bowls and glasses have steadily increased and where the surface area of the average dinner plate has increased 36 percent since 1960. Research shows that people unintentionally consume more calories when offered larger portions. Consuming larger portion sizes can contribute to positive energy balance, which, over time, leads to weight gain and ultimately can result in obesity.

Google Books 검색 문구

Research shows that people unintentionally consume more calories when offered larger portions

Google Books

Nutrition Essentials: Practical Applications

Dr. Paul Insel, Don Ross, Kimberley McMahon, Melissa Bernstein · 2022-09-29

... Research shows that people unintentionally consume more calories when offered larger portions.h Consuming larger portion sizes can contribute to positive energy balance , which , over time , leads to weight gain and ultimately can ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[12강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

Situational ethics is an ethical theory that takes into account the context of a situation or an act when judging whether it is ethical. Supporters of this theory willingly permit casting aside absolute moral standards. In the absence of a universal standard or law, what matters is the outcome or consequences; so, the end justifies the means. Possibly the following contrasting realities can help illustrate the application of situational ethics. In a pickup game of basketball played among friends, everyone is expected to call his or her own fouls or acknowledge knocking the ball out-of-bounds. Caring about one's friends and maybe getting to keep playing with the group leads to these actions. But, once an organized game is played with officials, most athletes will not admit to the same fouls or violations as the end goal of winning is more important than expressing concern for competitors. Situational ethics has been extended by many athletes and coaches to mean trying to get away with as many actions on the field or court as possible to gain competitive advantages.

Google Books 검색 문구

following contrasting realities can help illustrate the application of situational ethics

Google Books

Modern Sport Ethics

Angela Lumpkin · 2016-12-12

... following contrasting realities can help illustrate the application of situational ethics . In a pickup game of basketball played among friends , everyone is expected to call his or her own fouls or acknowledge knocking the ball out ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[12강 - 01번]

본문 지문

Moral outrage is the psychological tool that motivates people to punish wrongdoers, even at cost or risk to themselves. It is a "commitment device," something that commits people to punishment, even though trying to punish someone can be dangerous. When we witness unjust harm, whether someone committing interpersonal violence or obvious cheating, we have an embodied physical reaction. We get angry, our blood pressure spikes, our heart beats faster; we thirst for retribution. Outrage leads us to ignore the irrationality of risking our own safety to punish someone. In any single situation, there is rarely an immediate personal benefit for meting out punishment, and often there is real risk, because the person you are serving justice against could lash out at you or get revenge in the future. But the powerful feeling of outrage leads us to momentarily forget this unfavorable evaluation and get involved in a situation we would be better off avoiding, and science reveals how this feeling and forgetting is essential for maintaining a cooperative society.

Google Books 검색 문구

Moral outrage is the psychological tool that motivates people to punish wrongdoers

Google Books

Outraged

Kurt Gray · 2025-01-14

... Moral outrage is the psychological tool that motivates people to punish wrongdoers , even at cost or risk to themselves . It is a " commitment device , " something that commits people to punishment , even though trying to punish someone ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[12강 - 02번]

본문 지문

Why do humans have the counterproductive instinct to favor natural products in the absence of knowledge of their benefits or their potential for harm? The answer likely lies in our genes. Our species, through most of its evolutionary history, relied heavily upon experience to judge whether ingestion of something was beneficial (i.e., nutritional or medicinal) versus whether it was dangerous (i.e., poisonous). We evolved the instinct to avoid plants that made us sick and favored those that made us well. Treating unknowns with great caution provided a terrific survival advantage. Today, we trust that products of nature are safe to consume. But those pills coming off a pharmaceutical production line look nothing like what our instincts tell us is safe to eat. The ingredients remind us of a high school chemistry lab. Yet we are expected to consume them. Thus, we treat them with caution just as our distant ancestors regarded a new plant. When in need of a remedy, we are drawn to derivatives of our food, plant products, which we perceive to be safe, and not artificial products of science.

Google Books 검색 문구

relied heavily upon experience to judge whether ingestion of something was beneficial

Google Books

Everyday Chemicals

Gerald A. LeBlanc · 2023-02-21

... relied heavily upon experience to judge whether ingestion of something was beneficial ( i.e. , nutritional or medicinal ) versus whether it was dangerous ( i.e. , poisonous ) . We evolved the instinct to avoid plants that made us sick ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[12강 - 03번]

본문 지문

Dietary supplements are not drugs. A drug is intended to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease. Before marketing, drugs must undergo extensive studies of effectiveness, safety, interactions with other substances, and dosing. The FDA gives formal premarket approval to a drug and monitors its safety after the drug is on the market. If a drug is subsequently shown to be dangerous, the FDA can act quickly to have it removed from the market. None of this is true for dietary supplements. The current law gives the FDA only limited authority over supplements. This makes it difficult for the government to remove unsafe supplements from the marketplace. The FDA does not evaluate the safety and effectiveness of supplements before they hit the marketplace. There are some legislators in Congress who want to improve the law by requiring supplement makers to put safer products on the shelves and label products more clearly. The objective is to ensure that consumers can tell the difference between dietary supplements that are safe and those that have potentially serious side effects or drug interactions.

Google Books 검색 문구

requiring supplement makers to put safer products on the shelves and label

Google Books

Discovering Nutrition

Insel, Don Ross, Kimberley McMahon, Melissa Bernstein · 2018-02-15

... requiring supplement makers to put safer products on the shelves and label products more clearly. The objective is to ensure that consumers can tell the difference between dietary supplements that are safe and those that have ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[12강 - 04번]

본문 지문

Literature is not a disposable carrier of nuggets of information. Literature (as opposed to everyday reading) invites us back again and again to re-experience what it offers and to reassess its meanings. Literature continues to communicate meaning and significance over time, and, most remarkably, to shift its meaning based on our perspective. We have all had the experience of taking up a classic work of literature after several years and finding in it details and significance we missed the first (or fifth) time through. What has changed is not the work of literature exactly but our experiences that are now reflected in the text. One's perception of Shakespeare's grand drama on aging under existential threat, King Lear, is a different experience read in one's twenties than it is in one's seventies. This is true because reading literature, as opposed to everyday reading, requires full reader participation, activating not just our informational processing skills but our analysis, imagination, and emotions. These change over time in every person, and those changes explain how works of literature are more dynamic than everyday reading.

Google Books 검색 문구

changes explain how works of literature are more dynamic than everyday reading

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[13강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

The early grain trade firms were active in both surplus-producing and food deficit regions, and these firms made it their business to know the state of supply and demand in both. Because this information was the key to their profitability, these firms worked in relative secrecy, frequently built on family ties, trust, and loyalty. In addition, these firms were able to benefit from the rise of commodity exchanges and commodities futures markets that emerged in the mid-1800s. Agricultural markets are naturally unstable, due to changes in harvest size that result from variable weather patterns and other factors. Locking-in prices by buying and selling grain for future delivery helped these firms to minimize such risks. It made sense for the grain trading companies to manage their risks within a single firm that was operating in more than one country, rather than operating as independent national companies trading with each other. Their access to information in multiple markets enabled them to easily cover the risks associated with agricultural commodity trade.

Google Books 검색 문구

markets enabled them to easily cover the risks associated with agricultural commodity

Google Books

Food

Jennifer Clapp · 2016-04-29

... markets enabled them to easily cover the risks associated with agricultural commodity trade. The early transnational food companies were also able to benefit from technological advancements which made it possible for these firms to ...

추가 확인 권장
검색 문구는 확인됐지만 주변 문맥 비교 근거가 충분하지 않습니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[13강 - 01번]

본문 지문

In the Physics, Aristotle asks whether nature acts for the sake of something. He offers an account of rain as water that rises when heated by the Sun, then cools, condenses, and falls to Earth, but is not particularly concerned with explaining rain as such. Rather, he addresses a more general question: how to account for natural objects, events, and processes that appear with regularity. He queries whether the sharpness of front teeth and the bluntness of molars is coincidental and rejects that possibility, because this arrangement occurs with regularity and that regularity is linked to purposefulness. The sharpness of front teeth allows them to tear while the bluntness of those in the back enables them to crush food; both are useful for eating. In Aristotle's view, all natural things happen in a given way and occur for the sake of something; that is the final cause.

Google Books 검색 문구

natural things happen in a given way and occur for the sake

Google Books

Ancient Greek and Roman Science

Liba Taub · 2023

... natural things happen in a given way and occur for the sake of something ; that is the final cause . He emphasizes the teleology of nature , its goal - directedness ; this concern with final causes is a signature feature of his natural ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[13강 - 02번]

본문 지문

AI is a prolific idea generator. Human brainstorming groups tend to focus on the quality of creative ideas and almost immediately lean into variations of first suggestions, but good ideas are more likely when groups focus first on quantity. As Linus Pauling put it, "The best way to have a good idea is to have lots of ideas." Psychologist Dean Keith Simonton called this the "equal odds rule" arguing that creative success is correlated to the total number of works created. Many studies have confirmed that creative quality comes from quantity of ideas (what Bob Sutton at a design and innovation consulting company called "idea ratio"), and one Stanford study pegged the number of ideas that distinguish a successful product from a failure at more than two thousand. This is why design thinking and innovation are so focused on the processes (what Utley and Klebahn call "idea flow") of creating possibilities without judgment.

Google Books 검색 문구

Stanford study pegged the number of ideas that distinguish a successful product

Google Books

Teaching with AI

José Antonio Bowen, C. Edward Watson · 2025-12-02

... Stanford study pegged the number of ideas that distinguish a successful product from a failure at more than two thousand ( Utley & Klebahn , 2022 ) . This is why design thinking and innovation are so focused on the processes ( what ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[13강 - 03번]

본문 지문

Becoming aware of our internal sensations can help us handle our own emotions. Perhaps more surprisingly, the body's interoceptive faculty can also bring us into closer contact with other people's emotions. That's because the brain, on its own, has no direct access to the contents of other people's minds, no way to feel what others are feeling. Interpreting others' spoken words and facial expressions may yield only a coolly abstract sense of the emotions that stir within. The body acts as a critical conduit, supplying the brain with the visceral information it lacks. It does so in this way: When interacting with other people, we subtly and unconsciously mimic their facial expressions, gestures, posture, and vocal pitch. Then, via the interoception of our own bodies' signals, we perceive what the other person is feeling because we feel it in ourselves. We bring other people's feelings onboard, and the body is the bridge. In an act similar to taking a bite off our partner's plate, or borrowing an earbud to hear the song our friend is listening to, we are sampling their emotions.

Google Books 검색 문구

aware of our internal sensations can help us handle our own emotions

Google Books

The Extended Mind

Annie Murphy Paul · 2021

... aware of our internal sensations can help us handle our own emotions. Perhaps more surprisingly, the body's interoceptive faculty can also bring us into closer contact with other people's emotions. That's because the brain, on its own ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[13강 - 04번]

본문 지문

The strongest criticisms of the overextension of technology involve claims of dehumanization, and these arguments are not new. Canadian philosopher of the electronic age, Marshall McLuhan was primarily a techno-utopian, but he was also a critical thinker, who cautioned decades ago against too much human extension into technology. McLuhan famously claimed that every media extension of man is an amputation. For example, once we have a car, we don't walk to the shops any more; once we have a computer hard-drive, we don't have to remember things; and now that we have personal GPS (Global Positioning System) on our cell phones, no one can find their way about without it. Based on McLuhan's philosophy, we are becoming post-literate because we rely on screens full of pictures, rather than print media, such as books. It is thus possible that extensions of human faculties, through techno- and bio-enhancement, will bring about arrested development in the natural evolution of higher human faculties.

Google Books 검색 문구

bring about arrested development in the natural evolution of higher human faculties

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[14강 - Gateway]

본문 지문

Giving clients sufficient opportunity to react to your designs while in progress is a key to professional success. Similarly, involving prospective building users as well as clients is even more valuable in the long run. Say your client is a large corporation, such as a health care provider. While the hospital administration may serve as your client, no doubt the perspectives of administration personnel will differ significantly from those of doctors, interns, residents, nurses, and other medical staff who use the building regularly. In addition, the experiences of patients and visitors who use the building irregularly, often as a result of life-threatening emergencies, are altogether different as well. Understanding how each type of user experiences the current medical environment as well as how each reacts to your prospective designs inevitably produces a better building. People are likely to be more satisfied with a new building or addition if they have been consulted in the design process. For a large institution, this can translate into increased productivity on the job, reduced absenteeism, less turnover, and lower costs.

Google Books 검색 문구

how each reacts to your prospective designs inevitably produces a better building

Google Books

Architectural Design Portable Handbook

Pressman · 2001-02-22

... how each reacts to your prospective designs inevitably produces a better building . People are likely to be more satisfied with a new building or addition if they have been consulted in the design process . For a large institution ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[14강 - 01번]

본문 지문

Sharing meanings and experiences is not a simple, automatic process: whenever two or more people observe or participate in the same ongoing event they experience it from different perspectives, with different histories, with different background knowledge. These differences are most glaring when the individuals involved include an infant or very young child and an adult, although an adult arranging an event for an infant may find it difficult to keep these differences in mind. When giving a bath, for example, a parent whose experience with water play has been fun, whose knowledge about the source of the water and its disposition provides confidence, and whose body control ensures that the baby is safely held and not in danger, expects the infant to enjoy splashing water. Yet the baby may make it clear (perhaps by terrified crying) that her perspective is quite different from that of the adult. The two share an experience, but not a meaning.

Google Books 검색 문구

knowledge about the source of the water and its disposition provides confidence

Google Books

Young Minds in Social Worlds

Katherine Nelson · 2010-03-30

... knowledge about the source of the water and its disposition provides confidence , and whose body control ensures that the baby is safely held and not in danger , expects the infant to en- joy splashing water . Yet the baby may make it ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[14강 - 02번]

본문 지문

A detailed anthropological study of daily scientific practice in the Salk Institute laboratory in La Jolla, California shows how difficult it is to assign credit and dates. Bruno Latour describes how scientists arrived at the elucidation of TRF (thyrotropin-releasing factor), a hormone that is secreted by the brain. He says that his observations led him to "the conviction that a body of practices widely regarded by outsiders as well organized, logical, and coherent, in fact consists of a disordered array of observations with which scientists struggle to produce order." The final consensus formulation of TRF (i.e., when it became a scientific "fact") emerged some time between January 1968 and January 1970. Half of the Nobel Prize in Medicine for 1977 for this discovery was shared between the Salk group and another competing group in New Orleans (the other half went to Rosalind Yalow for the techniques she developed that were used in these studies), but each of these two competing groups strongly felt that they deserved sole credit and that the other did not deserve even a share of the award.

Google Books 검색 문구

detailed anthropological study of daily scientific practice in the Salk Institute laboratory

Google Books

Google Books 후보가 없습니다.

Google Books 원본 검색

[14강 - 03번]

본문 지문

The idea of music direction, in the sense of someone shaping and leading a musical performance, goes back to the beginnings of music. Even the gamelans of ancient Indonesia had leaders who would signal to the group changes of meter and tempo, beginnings and endings, and transitions from piece to piece. Yet listening audiences are rarely aware of any musical leadership, and for good aesthetic reason. They need not be aware to fulfill their experience; indeed, the unnecessarily conspicuous presence of a musical leader will detract from it. An audience is better off, for the most part, taking in the whole of a stage work rather than being party to the techniques that go into realizing it. This is not to say that when an orchestra plays alone the audience members' eyes are not fixed on the conductor for the majority of the time; they probably are. When music is accompanying something happening on stage, however, all eyes turn to the stage, and so do everyone's ears, too (including the music director's).

Google Books 검색 문구

gamelans of ancient Indonesia had leaders who would signal to the group

Google Books

Music Direction for the Stage

Joseph Church · 2015

... gamelans of ancient Indonesia had leaders who would signal to the group changes of meter and tempo, beginnings and endings, and transitions from piece to piece. Yet listening audiences are rarely aware of any musical leadership, and for ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보

[14강 - 04번]

본문 지문

The importance of what a reader brings to the page is highlighted in a study discussed by Hirsch in The Knowledge Deficit. This study consisted of two groups of students who were asked to read a passage about baseball. The first group was made up of strong readers who knew little about baseball. The second group was composed of struggling readers who were knowledgeable about baseball. After reading the passage, students in each group had their comprehension tested. Guess which group scored higher? The struggling readers. Having strong reading skills was not enough for the students who came to the page with a knowledge deficit about the topic. Though the second group of readers were not strong readers, their prior knowledge enabled them to outscore readers with far better abilities. Prior knowledge, or, in the case of the good readers, the lack of prior knowledge, was the x-factor.

Google Books 검색 문구

second group was composed of struggling readers who were knowledgeable about baseball

Google Books

Readicide

Kelly Gallagher · 2023-10-10

... second group was composed of struggling readers who were knowledgeable about baseball . After reading the passage , students in each group had their comprehension tested . Guess which group scored higher ? The struggling readers ...

전후문맥 일부 일치
검색 문구뿐 아니라 주변 단어도 입력 본문과 일부 겹칩니다.

Google Books 열기 미리보기 도서 정보