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[고3] 2024년 11월 수능 - 한줄해석
안녕하세요, Flow 영어연구소입니다. 2024년도 11월 고3 수능 영어>의 한줄해석 자료 올립니다.설명문/실용문을 제외한 모든 지문을 포함했습니다. 자료는 PDF와 워드 파일 모두 올립니다.
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[고3] 2024년 11월 수능 - 한줄해석 (좌지문 우해석)
안녕하세요, Flow 영어연구소입니다. 오늘은 2024년도 11월 고3 수능 영어>의 한줄해석(좌지문 우해석) 자료 올립니다.설명문/실용문을 제외한 전지문 작업했습니다. 자료는 PDF와 워드 파일
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[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 18번: Rosydale City Marathon이 악천후로 인해 취소된다는 공지
Dear Rosydale City Marathon Racers, We are really grateful to all of you who have signed up for the 10th Rosydale City Marathon that was scheduled for this coming Saturday at 10 a.m. Unfortunately, as you may already know, the weather forecast says that there is going to be a downpour throughout the race day. We truly hoped that the race would go smoothly. However, it is likely that the heavy rain will make the roads too slippery and dangerous for the racers to run safely. As a result, we have decided to cancel the race. We hope you understand and we promise to hold another race in the near future. Sincerely, Martha Kingsley Race Manager
Possible Titles:
1. Rosydale City Marathon Canceled Due to Severe Weather Forecast
2. Safety Concerns Prompt Cancellation of Upcoming Rosydale City Marathon
3. Rosydale City Marathon Runners Informed of Event Cancellation
4. Rosydale Marathon Postponed Following Heavy Rain Forecast
Main Idea #1:
The Rosydale City Marathon scheduled for Saturday is canceled due to expected heavy rainfall.
Main Idea #2:
Concerns over racer safety from potentially hazardous, slippery road conditions due to forecasted downpours have led to the decision to cancel the Rosydale City Marathon, with a promise to reschedule in the future.
Summary:
The Rosydale City Marathon, set for Saturday, has been canceled due to anticipated heavy rain, which could make the course unsafe. The race organizers prioritize participant safety and will arrange a future event.
Key Points:
1. The Rosydale City Marathon was originally scheduled for this Saturday.
2. The decision to cancel was due to a forecasted downpour, creating unsafe running conditions.
3. The race organizers are committed to ensuring participant safety.
4. A new marathon date will be scheduled soon.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 19번: 발렌타인데이 이벤트 계획이 실패한 Peter의 실망
It was Valentine's Day on Friday and Peter was certain that his wife, Amy, was going to love his surprise. Peter had spent a long time searching online for an event that would be a new way to spend time with Amy. He had finally found the perfect thing for her. She often told him that she liked to go to places she had never visited before, and he was absolutely sure that she would love going to the new, five-star restaurant downtown. He smiled as he called the restaurant and asked for a reservation for Friday. Unfortunately, his smile quickly disappeared when he was told that the restaurant was fully reserved. That's too bad, he said quietly. I thought that I had found the right place.
Possible Titles:
1. Peter’s Valentine’s Day Surprise for His Wife Falls Through
2. Valentine's Day Plans Derailed by Fully Booked Restaurant
3. Disappointment for Peter as Valentine’s Reservation Fails
4. Valentine’s Day Surprise Plan Changes Due to Full Reservations
Main Idea #1:
Peter plans a special Valentine’s Day surprise for his wife, Amy, at a new restaurant.
Main Idea #2:
Despite his efforts to plan a unique experience for Valentine’s Day, Peter faces disappointment when he learns that the highly-rated restaurant he selected for Amy is fully booked, leading him to rethink his special plans.
Summary:
Peter plans a Valentine’s Day surprise for Amy by booking a reservation at a new restaurant she hasn’t visited. Unfortunately, the restaurant is fully booked, leaving Peter disappointed and reconsidering his options for the day.
Key Points:
1. Peter searches for a unique Valentine’s surprise for Amy.
2. He decides on a five-star restaurant she hasn’t visited.
3. The restaurant is fully booked, canceling his original plan.
4. Peter is left to find a new way to celebrate Valentine’s Day.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 20번: 학습에 도움을 줄 수 있는 게임 개발의 필요성 제안
We almost universally accept that playing video games is at best a pleasant break from a student's learning and more often what prevents a student from accomplishing their goals. Games catch and hold attention in a way that few things can. And yet once they have our focus, they rarely seem to offer anything meaningful to help students grow in their lives outside the games. While this may be true for many games, we are too easily ignoring a valuable tool that could be used to enhance productivity instead of derailing it. Rather, it is desirable that we develop games that connect to the learning outcomes we want for our students. This will enable educators to take advantage of games' attention commanding capacities and allow our students to enjoy their games while learning.
Possible Titles:
1. Leveraging Video Games for Enhanced Student Learning Outcomes
2. Shifting Video Games from Distraction to Educational Tool
3. Integrating Educational Goals into Video Game Design for Students
4. Transforming Gaming into a Productive Learning Aid for Students
Main Idea #1:
Video games are generally seen as distractions that hinder student productivity.
Main Idea #2:
Although video games are often viewed as unproductive, they could be redesigned to support educational goals, allowing students to benefit from gaming while achieving learning outcomes.
Summary:
Video games are commonly perceived as distractions from student learning, yet they could be valuable tools if aligned with educational objectives. By designing games that support learning outcomes, educators can harness games’ appeal to enhance student engagement and growth.
Key Points:
1. Video games often distract students from achieving academic goals.
2. Games excel at capturing and holding attention.
3. Many games lack content that supports real-world growth for students.
4. Designing games with educational objectives could make gaming beneficial for students’ learning.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 21번: 건축가가 학문적 지식을 통해 권위를 얻어야 하는 이유
The position of the architect rose during the Roman Empire, as architecture symbolically became a particularly important political statement. Cicero classed the architect with the physician and the teacher and Vitruvius spoke of "so great a profession as this." Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, a practicing architect during the rule of Augustus Caesar, recognized that architecture requires both practical and theoretical knowledge, and he listed the disciplines he felt the aspiring architect should master: literature and writing, draftsmanship, mathematics, history, philosophy, music, medicine, law, and astronomy ― a curriculum that still has much to recommend it. All of this study was necessary, he argued, because architects who have aimed at acquiring manual skill without scholarship have never been able to reach a position of authority to correspond to their plans, while those who have relied only upon theories and scholarship were obviously "hunting the shadow, not the substance."
Possible Titles:
1. The Rise of Architects as Influential Figures in the Roman Empire
2. Vitruvius and the Intellectual Foundations of Roman Architecture
3. Roman Architecture’s Blend of Practical Skill and Scholarly Knowledge
4. Architectural Authority Rooted in Knowledge and Craft in Ancient Rome
Main Idea #1:
The status of architects grew during the Roman Empire, symbolizing political significance.
Main Idea #2:
Vitruvius argued that successful architects must master both practical skills and scholarly knowledge across a wide range of disciplines, blending manual expertise with intellectual rigor to achieve authority and influence.
Summary:
In the Roman Empire, architecture became a symbol of political power, elevating the architect’s status. Vitruvius emphasized that architects should be well-versed in both practical skills and diverse academic subjects to gain respect and authority. Without this balance, they risked lacking substance or influence.
Key Points:
1. Architecture gained political importance in the Roman Empire.
2. Vitruvius listed essential disciplines for architects, from mathematics to philosophy.
3. Practical and theoretical knowledge were both deemed necessary for an architect’s success.
4. Architects lacking either manual skills or scholarship risked failing in authority.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 22번: 감정 이해 능력이 그룹 내에서 긍정적 상호작용을 촉진함
The ability to understand emotions ― to have a diverse emotion vocabulary and to understand the causes and consequences of emotion ― is particularly relevant in group settings. Individuals who are skilled in this domain are able to express emotions, feelings and moods accurately and thus, may facilitate clear communication between co-workers. Furthermore, they may be more likely to act in ways that accommodate their own needs as well as the needs of others (i.e. cooperate). In a group conflict situation, for example, a member with a strong ability to understand emotion will be able to express how he feels about the problem and why he feels this way. He also should be able to take the perspective of the other group members and understand why they are reacting in a certain manner. Appreciation of differences creates an arena for open communication and promotes constructive conflict resolution and improved group functioning.
Possible Titles:
1. The Importance of Emotional Understanding in Group Dynamics
2. Enhancing Group Communication through Emotional Awareness
3. Emotional Intelligence as a Key to Constructive Group Interactions
4. Benefits of Emotion Comprehension for Group Conflict Resolution
Main Idea #1:
Emotional understanding is crucial in group settings for clear communication.
Main Idea #2:
Individuals with a strong grasp of emotions can facilitate open communication, empathize with others' perspectives, and promote constructive conflict resolution, improving overall group dynamics and cooperation.
Summary:
Emotional awareness aids in effective communication and collaboration within groups. Individuals skilled in understanding emotions can express feelings clearly, empathize with others, and contribute to constructive conflict resolution, enhancing group functionality.
Key Points:
1. Emotionally aware individuals communicate their feelings clearly to others.
2. Emotional understanding helps balance personal and group needs.
3. Empathy allows one to appreciate diverse perspectives during conflicts.
4. Open communication and empathy improve group cooperation and conflict resolution.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 23번: 산업화가 시간, 노동, 자본의 관계를 변화시킨 방식 설명
The arrival of the Industrial Age changed the relationship among time, labor, and capital. Factories could produce around the clock, and they could do so with greater speed and volume than ever before. A machine that runs twelve hours a day will produce more widgets than one that runs for only eight hours per day ― and a machine that runs twenty-four hours per day will produce the most widgets of all. As such, at many factories, the workday is divided into eight-hour shifts, so that there will always be people on hand to keep the widget machines humming. Industrialization raised the potential value of every single work hour ― the more hours you worked, the more widgets you produced, and the more money you made ― and thus wages became tied to effort and production. Labor, previously guided by harvest cycles, became clock-oriented, and society started to reorganize around new principles of productivity.
Possible Titles:
1. Industrialization and the Shift to Clock-Oriented Labor
2. How the Industrial Age Redefined Time, Labor, and Wages
3. The Role of Shift Work in Maximizing Industrial Production
4. From Harvest Cycles to Clock Time: Labor's Transformation
Main Idea #1:
The Industrial Age linked labor and productivity to structured time.
Main Idea #2:
Industrialization introduced shift work to maximize factory output, aligning wages with productivity and transitioning labor from seasonal cycles to time-based schedules, which led society to prioritize productivity.
Summary:
Industrialization changed labor by introducing round-the-clock production with shift work, where wages correlated with productivity. The shift from seasonal to time-based work reshaped society’s approach to time, emphasizing constant productivity.
Key Points:
1. Factories in the Industrial Age operated continuously in shifts.
2. Wages became directly tied to hours worked and output produced.
3. Labor shifted from seasonal rhythms to strict, time-based schedules.
4. Society reorganized to prioritize continuous productivity.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 24번: 셀피가 자아 표현의 역사적 연장선에 있음을 논의
The selfie resonates not because it is new, but because it expresses, develops, expands, and intensifies the long history of the self-portrait. The self-portrait showed to others the status of the person depicted. In this sense, what we have come to call our own "image" ― the interface of the way we think we look and the way others see us ― is the first and fundamental object of global visual culture. The selfie depicts the drama of our own daily performance of ourselves in tension with our inner emotions that may or may not be expressed as we wish. At each stage of the self-portrait's expansion, more and more people have been able to depict themselves. Today's young, urban, networked majority has reworked the history of the self-portrait to make the selfie into the first visual signature of the new era.
Possible Titles:
1. The Selfie: A Modern Evolution of the Self-Portrait
2. Selfies as the Visual Signature of Contemporary Culture
3. From Self-Portraits to Selfies: The Performance of Self
4. How the Selfie Redefines Personal and Public Image in Modern Society
Main Idea #1:
The selfie builds on the historical tradition of the self-portrait, conveying personal image.
Main Idea #2:
As an evolution of self-portraiture, the selfie captures individuals' daily expressions and inner emotions, reflecting modern visual culture, particularly among today’s connected, urban youth, who have transformed it into a defining cultural symbol.
Summary:
The selfie extends the tradition of the self-portrait by allowing individuals to portray their self-image and emotions in real-time. It has become the visual hallmark of modern society, especially among young, urban populations.
Key Points:
1. The selfie continues the legacy of the self-portrait, representing personal image.
2. It captures the dynamic between outer expression and inner emotion.
3. More people can now visually express themselves through selfies.
4. The selfie has become a defining feature of the current, networked era.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 25번: 2020~2022년 미국 영화에서 여성 제작자 비율의 변화
The graph above shows the percentages of women employed behind the scenes on the top 100 U.S. films by role in 2020, 2021, and 2022. For each of the three years, the percentage of women employed as producers on the top 100 U.S. films was the highest as compared with the percentages of each of the other three roles. The percentage of women employed as directors on the top 100 U.S. films in 2021 was lower than in 2020 but higher than in 2022. The percentage of women employed as writers on the top 100 U.S. films increased by 4 percentage points from 2020 to 2021 and by 1 percentage point from 2021 to 2022. The percentage of women employed as editors on the top 100 U.S. films was less than 20% in each of the three years. In 2022, the percentage of women employed as producers on the top 100 U.S. films was the same as that in 2020.
Possible Titles:
1. Trends in Women's Representation in U.S. Film Production Roles
2. Changes in Behind-the-Scenes Roles for Women in Top Films
3. Women's Employment Patterns in Key Film Roles (2020-2022)
4. Analysis of Women's Participation in U.S. Film Industry by Role
Main Idea #1:
The percentage of women producers was the highest among all roles in each year from 2020 to 2022.
Main Idea #2:
While women’s representation as directors fluctuated and as editors remained consistently low, women’s employment as writers increased each year, and the percentage of women producers stayed the same from 2020 to 2022.
Summary:
Women held the highest percentage of producer roles in top U.S. films from 2020 to 2022. Women’s representation as writers increased annually, but fewer than 20% were employed as editors each year. The percentage of women directors decreased slightly from 2020 to 2022.
Key Points:
1. Women producers consistently had the highest representation among roles from 2020 to 2022.
2. Women’s employment as writers increased by 4% from 2020 to 2021 and by 1% from 2021 to 2022.
3. Women editors made up less than 20% in each of the three years.
4. Women directors saw a slight decrease in representation from 2020 to 2022.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 26번: 미국 스포츠 방송인 Dick Enberg의 경력과 업적 설명
Dick Enberg was one of America's most beloved sports broadcasters. He was born in Michigan in 1935. In the early 1960s, he became an assistant professor at San Fernando Valley State College, where he also served as a coach of its baseball team. Afterwards, he began a full-time sportscasting career in Los Angeles. In 1973, he became the first U.S. sportscaster ever to visit China. He joined NBC Sports in 1975 and remained with the network for about 25 years, covering such big events as the Olympics. He later worked for other major sports broadcasting stations. He made his last live broadcast in 2016 and died the following year at the age of 82. He served as Chairman of the American Sportscaster Association for more than three decades. Enberg was also a best-selling writer and won Emmy Awards as a sportscaster, a writer, and a producer.
Possible Titles:
1. The Life and Legacy of Dick Enberg in American Sports Broadcasting
2. Dick Enberg: A Pioneer and Icon in U.S. Sportscasting
3. From Professor to Emmy-Winning Broadcaster: Dick Enberg’s Journey
4. Dick Enberg’s Lasting Influence on Sports Media and Broadcasting
Main Idea #1:
Dick Enberg was a celebrated American sports broadcaster with a distinguished career.
Main Idea #2:
Over his long career, Dick Enberg made significant contributions to sports broadcasting, becoming the first U.S. sportscaster to visit China, covering major events like the Olympics, winning Emmy Awards, and serving as Chairman of the American Sportscaster Association.
Summary:
Dick Enberg, a prominent sports broadcaster, began his career in the 1960s and joined NBC Sports in 1975, covering major events for 25 years. He earned multiple Emmy Awards and wrote bestselling books, ending his career with a legacy of excellence in sportscasting.
Key Points:
1. Enberg started as an assistant professor and baseball coach before transitioning to sportscasting.
2. He was the first U.S. sportscaster to visit China in 1973.
3. Enberg spent 25 years with NBC Sports, covering events like the Olympics.
4. He won Emmy Awards and served as Chairman of the American Sportscaster Association for over 30 years.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 29번: 자동화된 신체 움직임이 뇌의 자원을 절약하는 방식
Think of yourself. When you decide to get up and get a drink of water, for example, you don't consciously organize or consider the host of steps involved. Imagine if we had to consider every single muscle that needed to be contracted or relaxed just to stand up and walk. It would be tiresome and very slow ― as patients recovering from a brain injury affecting the motor system know. The autopilot parts of our brain do it for us automatically, freeing up our conscious mind for more important jobs. It is the older parts of our brain that support these automatic processes that allow us to move, hear, see, and use many of our social skills. More recently evolved abilities like talking, reading, and writing are far less automated. So, most of the time, what you are perceiving, feeling, or thinking is based on a very crude and fast analysis that happens completely without your awareness.
Possible Titles:
1. How Our Brain’s Autopilot Manages Everyday Movements Unconsciously
2. The Brain’s Role in Automating Basic and Complex Actions
3. Exploring the Brain’s Automatic Processing of Routine Activities
4. Unconscious Motor Control: The Brain’s Effortless Coordination
Main Idea #1:
Automatic brain processes manage basic movements and free the conscious mind.
Main Idea #2:
Our brain’s older regions handle routine functions unconsciously, allowing for automatic actions like movement and social skills, whereas newer functions like language require more conscious effort, illustrating the brain’s efficiency in processing routine versus complex tasks.
Summary:
The brain’s autopilot handles basic tasks, such as moving and social interaction, automatically, saving conscious thought for complex activities. While routine actions are fast and unconscious, tasks like language need deliberate effort, highlighting our brain’s processing layers.
Key Points:
1. Basic movements and actions are managed unconsciously by older brain parts.
2. Automatic brain processes free up conscious focus for complex tasks.
3. More recent abilities like talking and reading require conscious effort.
4. Much of perception and thought occurs through fast, unconscious analysis.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 30번: 경쟁이 동기 부여에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있는 이유
Studies in psychology have reported cases in which competitive incentives resulted in lower task effort, and their focus was on the psychological underpinnings of the reduction in motivation. For example, competition presents an inevitable conflict between the motivation to achieve one's personal goal and the desire to maintain good relationships with others. When the maintenance of interpersonal relationships is important, with their counterparts in particular or with others generally, competitors experience an internal conflict that can harm their desire to achieve their goal and taint the good feeling brought about by winning. Exline and Lobel found that the perception of oneself as a target for upward social comparison often makes people uncomfortable. When they believe that others are making envious comparisons with them, people feel uneasiness, distress, or sorrow. Feelings of guilt, an emotion generally associated with high motivation for goal-achievement, lead to weaker motivation and performance in the pursuit of competitive goals. Consequences of this emotional state include lower task motivation in a competition and preferences for more cooperative and altruistic outcomes, such as diminishing the significance of the outcome or sharing the winner's reward.
Possible Titles:
1. The Paradox of Competitive Motivation and Task Effort Reduction
2. How Social Dynamics Influence Motivation in Competitive Settings
3. Emotional Conflicts in Competition: Impact on Motivation and Effort
4. Understanding the Psychological Barriers to Competitive Motivation
Main Idea #1:
Competitive incentives can sometimes reduce motivation and task effort.
Main Idea #2:
Internal conflicts between personal goals and interpersonal relationships, along with discomfort from being a target of social comparison, can weaken motivation in competitive settings, leading individuals to prioritize cooperation or lessen the importance of winning.
Summary:
Competition can decrease motivation due to conflicts between personal goals and relationships. Discomfort from social comparison and feelings of guilt can reduce the drive for achievement, often resulting in cooperative preferences or de-emphasizing winning.
Key Points:
1. Competitive incentives may lower motivation and task effort.
2. Balancing competition with interpersonal relationships can create inner conflict.
3. Being a target of social comparison causes discomfort and guilt.
4. These emotions lead to preferences for cooperation or sharing rewards.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 31번: 문학이 외국어 학습에서 개인적 몰입을 유도하는 방식
Literature can be helpful in the language learning process because of the personal involvement it fosters in readers. Core language teaching materials must concentrate on how a language operates both as a rule-based system and as a sociosemantic system. Very often, the process of learning is essentially analytic, piecemeal, and, at the level of the personality, fairly superficial. Engaging imaginatively with literature enables learners to shift the focus of their attention beyond the more mechanical aspects of the foreign language system. When a novel, play or short story is explored over a period of time, the result is that the reader begins to 'inhabit' the text. He or she is drawn into the book. Pinpointing what individual words or phrases may mean becomes less important than pursuing the development of the story. The reader is eager to find out what happens as events unfold; he or she feels close to certain characters and shares their emotional responses. The language becomes 'transparent' ― the fiction draws the whole person into its own world.
Possible Titles:
1. The Role of Literature in Enhancing Language Learning Engagement
2. How Literature Deepens Language Learning Beyond Rules and Grammar
3. Literature as a Tool for Personal Connection in Language Acquisition
4. From Mechanics to Emotion: Literature’s Impact on Language Learning
Main Idea #1:
Literature fosters personal engagement that enhances the language learning experience.
Main Idea #2:
By shifting focus from mechanical language rules to immersive storytelling, literature allows language learners to connect emotionally with the text, encouraging deeper engagement and reducing emphasis on individual words in favor of story comprehension.
Summary:
Literature enriches language learning by involving learners emotionally, making them focus on story and character development rather than isolated language rules. This immersive experience helps learners inhabit the text, enhancing comprehension and engagement.
Key Points:
1. Literature encourages personal involvement, enhancing language learning.
2. Traditional language materials focus on rules and semantics.
3. Imaginative engagement reduces focus on isolated words and grammar.
4. Stories draw learners into an immersive experience with language.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 32번: 교육이 비판적 사고를 통해 감정에 의존하지 않도록 함
Education, at its best, teaches more than just knowledge. It teaches critical thinking: the ability to stop and think before acting, to avoid succumbing to emotional pressures. This is not thought control. It is the very reverse: mental liberation. Even the most advanced intellectual will be imperfect at this skill. But even imperfect possession of it frees a person from the burden of being 'stimulus-driven', constantly reacting to the immediate environment, the brightest colours or loudest sounds. Being driven by heuristic responses, living by instinct and emotion all the time, is a very easy way to live, in many ways: thought is effortful, especially for the inexperienced. But emotions are also exhausting, and short-term reactions may not, in the long term, be the most beneficial for health and survival. Just as we reach for burgers for the sake of convenience, storing up the arterial fat which may one day kill us, so our reliance on feelings can do us great harm.
Possible Titles:
1. Beyond Knowledge: How Education Cultivates Critical Thinking
2. The Role of Education in Developing Thoughtful Decision-Making
3. Education as a Path to Mental Freedom from Instinctual Responses
4. How Critical Thinking Shields Us from Reactive Living
Main Idea #1:
Education aims to teach critical thinking, allowing individuals to think before reacting.
Main Idea #2:
By promoting critical thinking, education helps people move beyond impulsive, stimulus-driven reactions, which can lead to harmful long-term consequences, instead encouraging thoughtful decision-making as a means of mental liberation and improved well-being.
Summary:
Education teaches critical thinking to prevent impulsive, emotional responses. It provides mental freedom, moving individuals away from reactive living, which, though easy, can lead to negative long-term effects. Thoughtful actions, though challenging, benefit long-term health and survival.
Key Points:
1. Education encourages thinking before reacting impulsively.
2. Critical thinking is mentally liberating, not restrictive.
3. Constant emotional reactions can have harmful long-term impacts.
4. Thoughtful decision-making supports long-term well-being.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 33번: 관심 경제에서 소비자의 관심을 상품으로 판매하는 방식
We are famously living in the era of the attention economy, where the largest and most profitable businesses in the world are those that consume my attention. The advertising industry is literally dedicated to capturing the conscious hours of my life and selling them to someone else. It might seem magical that so many exciting and useful software systems are available to use for free, but it is now conventional wisdom that if you can't see who is paying for something that appears to be free, then the real product being sold is you. Our creative engagement with other people is mediated by AI-based recommendation systems that are designed to trap our attention through the process that Nick Seaver calls captology, keeping us attending to work sold by one company rather than another, replacing the freedom of personal exploration with algorithm-generated playlists or even algorithm-generated art.
Possible Titles:
1. The Attention Economy: How Our Focus Became a Commodity
2. The Hidden Cost of Free Services in the Attention Economy
3. Algorithm-Driven Captology and the Loss of Personal Exploration
4. How AI and Captology Shape Our Engagement in the Attention Economy
Main Idea #1:
In the attention economy, businesses profit by capturing and selling our attention.
Main Idea #2:
AI recommendation systems and captology, as described by Nick Seaver, dominate our engagement, directing our focus toward specific content and diminishing individual exploration by using algorithms to control what we consume.
Summary:
In the attention economy, companies profit by capturing our focus, with free services often selling our attention rather than products. AI recommendations further guide our engagement, limiting personal exploration in favor of algorithm-generated content.
Key Points:
1. The attention economy profits by consuming and selling our attention.
2. Free services often treat users as the product being sold.
3. AI recommendations mediate our interactions with content.
4. Captology replaces personal exploration with algorithm-driven suggestions.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 34번: 규칙이 역할과 관행을 만들며 생산 활동을 촉진함
Centralized, formal rules can facilitate productive activity by establishing roles and practices. The rules of baseball don't just regulate the behavior of the players; they determine the behavior that constitutes playing the game. Rules do not prevent people from playing baseball; they create the very practice that allows people to play baseball. A score of music imposes rules, but it also creates a pattern of conduct that enables people to produce music. Legal rules that enable the formation of corporations, that enable the use of wills and trusts, that create negotiable instruments, and that establish the practice of contracting all make practices that create new opportunities for individuals. And we have legal rules that establish roles individuals play within the legal system, such as judges, trustees, partners, and guardians. True, the legal rules that establish these roles constrain the behavior of individuals who occupy them, but rules also create the roles themselves. Without them an individual would not have the opportunity to occupy the role.
Possible Titles:
1. How Formal Rules Create and Shape Productive Social Practices
2. The Role of Rules in Enabling Structured Social Activities
3. Centralized Rules as Foundations for Organized Human Activity
4. Rules as the Framework for Role Creation and Social Opportunities
Main Idea #1:
Centralized rules establish roles and practices, enabling productive activities.
Main Idea #2:
Rules not only regulate behavior but also create structured practices and roles, as seen in games, music, and legal systems, where they enable individuals to participate in organized activities and take on meaningful roles within a structured environment.
Summary:
Centralized rules define roles and practices that enable productive activities, such as sports, music, and legal systems. These rules establish opportunities and roles, allowing individuals to participate in organized and meaningful ways.
Key Points:
1. Rules in sports define the practices that constitute gameplay.
2. Musical scores impose structure, enabling coordinated music production.
3. Legal rules create frameworks for practices like corporations and contracts.
4. Rules create roles like judges and trustees, providing organized opportunities.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 35번: 자동차가 스포츠 관광 발전에 미친 영향
The expansion of sports tourism in the twentieth century has been influenced by further developments in transportation. Just as the railways revolutionized travel in the nineteenth century, so the automobile produced even more dramatic changes in the twentieth. The significance of the car in the development of sport and tourism generally has attracted considerable coverage and it has had no less an impact on sports tourism specifically. Although originally invented towards the end of the nineteenth century, it started to become a mass form of transport in the 1920s in the USA and rather later in Britain. Apart from its convenience and flexibility, the car has the additional advantages of affording access to many areas not served by public transport, as well as allowing the easy transport of luggage and equipment. As a result, it was invaluable for the development of many forms of sports tourism but especially those which require the transportation of people and equipment to relatively remote locations.
Possible Titles:
1. How the Automobile Revolutionized Sports Tourism in the Twentieth Century
2. The Role of the Car in Expanding Access to Sports Tourism
3. Transportation Advances and the Rise of Sports Tourism in Remote Areas
4. The Automobile’s Impact on the Growth of Twentieth-Century Sports Tourism
Main Idea #1:
The development of the automobile played a crucial role in the expansion of sports tourism.
Main Idea #2:
Cars provided convenient, flexible, and accessible transportation options, which made it easier to reach remote areas and transport equipment, significantly contributing to the growth of sports tourism in the twentieth century.
Summary:
The rise of the automobile in the twentieth century revolutionized sports tourism by offering flexibility, convenience, and access to areas beyond public transport routes. This enabled the growth of various sports tourism activities, especially those in remote locations.
Key Points:
1. Cars provided flexibility and access not available with public transport.
2. The automobile became a mass form of transport in the 1920s in the USA.
3. Cars allowed easy transport of luggage and equipment for sports tourism.
4. Remote sports tourism locations became more accessible due to cars.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 36번: 농업 공동체에서 평판이 시장 강제력을 형성하는 방식
The potential for market enforcement is greater when contracting parties have developed reputational capital that can be devalued when contracts are violated. Farmers and landowners develop reputations for honesty, fairness, producing high yields, and consistently demonstrating that they are good at what they do. In small, close-knit farming communities, reputations are well known. Over time landowners indirectly monitor farmers by observing the reported output, the general quality of the soil, and any unusual or extreme behavior. Farmer and landowner reputations act as a bond. In any growing season a farmer can reduce effort, overuse soil, or underreport the crop. Similarly, a landowner can undermaintain fences, ditches, and irrigation systems. Accurate assessments of farmer and landowner behavior will be made over time, and those farmers and landowners who attempt to gain at each other's expense will find that others may refuse to deal with them in the future.
Possible Titles:
1. The Role of Reputation in Market Enforcement for Farmers and Landowners
2. How Reputational Capital Influences Contractual Trust in Farming Communities
3. Reputation as a Deterrent to Contract Violations in Agricultural Markets
4. Ensuring Fair Practices in Farming through Reputational Accountability
Main Idea #1:
Reputational capital among farmers and landowners strengthens market enforcement.
Main Idea #2:
In close-knit farming communities, reputations for honesty and quality serve as a bond that deters contract violations, as individuals who exploit others may face social and economic exclusion over time.
Summary:
Reputation strengthens market enforcement in farming communities, where reputational capital discourages contract violations. Farmers and landowners maintain honesty and quality to avoid exclusion from future business opportunities.
Key Points:
1. Reputational capital reduces contract violations in farming communities.
2. Farmers and landowners build reputations for honesty and quality production.
3. Reputations act as a deterrent for exploiting each other.
4. Violators may face exclusion from future economic interactions.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 37번: 감정 전염이 새들의 포식자 회피 행동에서 배열 형태에 따라 미치는 영향
Watch the birds in your backyard. If one bird startles and flies off, others will follow, not waiting around to assess whether the threat is real. They have been infected by emotional contagion. In a long-term research project that Marc did with some of his students on patterns of antipredatory scanning by western evening grosbeaks, they found that birds in a circle showed more coordination in scanning than did birds who were feeding in a line. The birds in a line, who could only see their nearest neighbor, not only were less coordinated when scanning, but also were more nervous, changing their body and head positions significantly more than grosbeaks in a circle, where it was possible for each grosbeak to see every other grosbeak. Marc wondered whether the birds in line were more fearful because they didn't know what their flockmates were doing. Emotional contagion would have been impossible for individual grosbeaks in the linear array except with their nearest neighbors.
Possible Titles:
1. Emotional Contagion and Coordination in Bird Flocks
2. How Group Positioning Affects Antipredatory Scanning in Birds
3. Fear and Communication Patterns in Flock Arrangements of Grosbeaks
4. The Role of Visual Access in Birds’ Antipredatory Behavior
Main Idea #1:
Birds in a flock are affected by emotional contagion, responding to each other's fear signals.
Main Idea #2:
Research shows that grosbeaks positioned in a circle coordinate better and are less nervous compared to those in a line, suggesting that visual access to more flockmates enhances emotional contagion and reduces individual anxiety.
Summary:
Birds experience emotional contagion, as seen in grosbeaks, which scan more effectively and feel calmer in a circular formation than in a line. Visual access to more flockmates enhances coordination and reduces nervousness.
Key Points:
1. Birds respond to each other’s fear signals through emotional contagion.
2. Grosbeaks in a circle coordinate scanning better than those in a line.
3. Limited visibility in a line increases nervousness and position changes.
4. Emotional contagion is facilitated by greater visual access to flockmates.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 38번: 비밀 유지가 혁신 보호에 미치는 영향과 문제점
Trade secret law aims to promote innovation, although it accomplishes this objective in a very different manner than patent protection. Notwithstanding the advantages of obtaining a patent, many innovators prefer to protect their innovation through secrecy. They may believe that the cost and delay of seeking a patent are too great or that secrecy better protects their investment and increases their profit. They might also believe that the invention can best be utilized over a longer period of time than a patent would allow. Without any special legal protection for trade secrets, however, the secretive inventor risks that an employee or contractor will disclose the proprietary information. Once the idea is released, it will be "free as the air" under the background norms of a free market economy. Such a predicament would lead any inventor seeking to rely upon secrecy to spend an inordinate amount of resources building high and impassable fences around their research facilities and greatly limiting the number of people with access to the proprietary information.
Possible Titles:
1. The Role of Trade Secret Law in Protecting Innovation
2. Balancing Secrecy and Patent Law in Innovation Protection
3. How Trade Secret Law Reduces Risks for Secretive Innovators
4. The Economic Rationale for Trade Secret Protection in Innovation
Main Idea #1:
Trade secret law encourages innovation by protecting confidential information.
Main Idea #2:
Unlike patents, trade secret law offers inventors a way to protect innovations without public disclosure, preventing the costly risks associated with secrecy breaches and the need for extreme security measures to safeguard proprietary information.
Summary:
Trade secret law supports innovation by allowing inventors to protect confidential information without a patent. This reduces the risk of disclosure and minimizes the need for excessive security, enabling inventors to maintain a competitive advantage.
Key Points:
1. Trade secret law provides an alternative to patents for protecting innovations.
2. Innovators may prefer secrecy due to patent costs, delays, or time limits.
3. Without trade secret protection, secrecy breaches could threaten inventions.
4. Legal protection reduces the need for extreme security around inventions.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 39번: 유지 및 수리의 과정이 기술의 수명을 연장하는 방식
By their very nature, the concepts of maintenance and repair are predominantly examined from a process-oriented perspective. The focus in related scholarly discourse often revolves around the lifespan or lifecycle of objects and technologies. In this context, maintenance and repair are considered practices that have the potential to prolong the existence of objects, ensuring their sustained utilization over an extended period. Krebs and Weber critically engage with anthropomorphic metaphors that imply a biography of things, appropriately highlighting that conventional understanding of the lifecycle of a technology, from its acquisition to its disposal from the household, provides an incomplete definition. In reality, objects do not conform to a linear lifecycle model; instead, they undergo breakdowns, await repairs, are stored away, or find themselves relegated to the basement, only to be rediscovered and repurposed later. Additionally, objects may enter recycling or second-hand cycles, leading to a dynamic afterlife marked by diverse applications. As such, the life of an object exhibits a far more complicated and adaptive path than a simplistic linear progression.
Possible Titles:
1. Beyond the Lifecycle: Rethinking Maintenance and Repair of Objects
2. The Adaptive and Complex Lifespan of Everyday Technologies
3. How Repair and Recycling Extend Object Lifespans Beyond Linear Models
4. The Lifecycle Myth: Exploring the Dynamic Afterlife of Objects
Main Idea #1:
Maintenance and repair practices extend the usability of objects beyond a simple lifecycle.
Main Idea #2:
Objects follow complex, non-linear lifecycles that involve breakdowns, repairs, repurposing, and recycling, demonstrating that their existence is dynamic and adaptable rather than following a predictable progression from acquisition to disposal.
Summary:
Maintenance and repair reveal that objects do not follow a linear lifecycle but have dynamic paths that include breakdowns, repairs, and repurposing. This view emphasizes a more complex existence, with objects often reentering use or finding new applications.
Key Points:
1. Maintenance and repair extend the lifespan of objects beyond linear models.
2. Conventional lifecycle views offer an incomplete understanding of object usage.
3. Objects may be stored, rediscovered, and repurposed over time.
4. Recycling and second-hand use add diverse afterlife applications for objects.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 40번: 합성 식품 성분과 자연 식품 성분의 안전성 비교
People often assume that synthetic food ingredients are more harmful than natural ones, but this is not always the case. Typically, synthetic ingredients can be made in a precisely controlled fashion and have well-defined compositions and properties, allowing careful evaluation of their potential toxicity. On the other hand, natural ingredients often vary appreciably in their composition and properties depending on their origin, the time of year they were harvested, the climate they experienced throughout their lifetime, the soil quality, and how they were isolated and stored. These variations can make testing their safety extremely difficult ― one is never sure about the potential toxicity of minor components that may vary from time to time. In some cases, a natural food component has been consumed for hundreds or thousands of years without causing any obvious health problems and can, therefore, be assumed to be safe. However, one must still be very careful.
Possible Titles:
1. Comparing the Safety of Synthetic and Natural Food Ingredients
2. Misconceptions About the Harmfulness of Synthetic Food Additives
3. Variability in Natural Ingredients and Its Impact on Food Safety
4. Precision vs. Variability: Safety Challenges of Food Ingredients
Main Idea #1:
Synthetic ingredients are not necessarily more harmful than natural ingredients.
Main Idea #2:
While synthetic ingredients have consistent compositions that allow for precise safety evaluations, natural ingredients vary greatly, making it difficult to assess their safety due to potential changes in minor components.
Summary:
Synthetic ingredients often have controlled compositions that make toxicity evaluation easier, while natural ingredients can vary, complicating safety assessments. Though some natural components are historically safe, caution is still advised.
Key Points:
1. Synthetic ingredients allow for precise control and safety evaluation.
2. Natural ingredients vary based on environmental factors and processing.
3. Variability in natural components complicates toxicity assessments.
4. Historical consumption of natural components suggests safety but requires caution.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 41~42번: 인간 손의 진화가 도구 제작에 기여한 방식 설명
Imagine grabbing a piece of paper between your thumb and index finger. Maybe you already are, as you turn this page. We use this type of forceful, pad-to-pad precision gripping without thinking about it, and literally in a snap. Yet it was a breakthrough in human evolution. Other primates exhibit some kinds of precision grips in the handling and use of objects, but not with the kind of efficient opposition that our hand anatomy allows. In a single hand, humans can easily hold and manipulate objects, even small and delicate ones, while adjusting our fingers to their shape and reorienting them with displacements of our fingertip pads. Our relatively long, powerful thumb and other anatomical attributes, including our flat nails (which nearly all primates possess), make this possible. Just picture trying ― and failing ― to dog-ear this page with pointy, curved claws. With a unique combination of traits, the human hand shaped our history. No question, stone tools couldn't have become a keystone of human technology and subsistence without hands that could do the job, along with a nervous system that could regulate and coordinate the necessary signals. Anybody who's ever attempted to make a spear tip or arrowhead from a rock knows that it requires strong grips, constant rotation and repositioning, and forceful, careful strikes with another hard object. And even with a fair amount of know-how, it can be a bloody business.
Possible Titles:
1. The Evolutionary Significance of the Human Precision Grip
2. How Human Hand Anatomy Enabled Tool-Making and Survival
3. Precision Gripping: A Defining Trait in Human Evolution
4. The Role of Hand Anatomy in Shaping Human History and Technology
Main Idea #1:
The human precision grip, enabled by hand anatomy, was a key evolutionary development.
Main Idea #2:
Unlike other primates, humans possess unique hand anatomy that allows for precise grip and manipulation, which was crucial for tool-making and advancing human technology, as well as being supported by a complex nervous system for coordination.
Summary:
The human hand’s unique anatomy enables precise grips necessary for manipulating objects, setting humans apart from other primates. This precision grip was essential for tool-making, shaping human history and survival.
Key Points:
1. The human precision grip is unique in its efficiency and force.
2. Anatomical features like a long thumb and flat nails enable fine manipulation.
3. Tool-making requires strong grips and careful hand coordination.
4. A complex nervous system aids in regulating hand movements for precision.
[고3] 2024 11월 수능 – 43~45번: 아버지와 아들이 함께 등산하며 관계를 회복하는 이야기
Do you remember when Sean used to tell me that I was the best dad in the world? Ethan asked his wife, Grace. Yes, I do. I always envied your relationship with Sean, she replied. Ethan then shared how things had changed since his son started middle school. Grace had noticed Ethan often pushing Sean to study harder. Maybe he isn't that into school right now. How about going hiking, just the two of you? she suggested. He agreed, and realizing that both his and Sean's hiking jackets were still at the laundry, he asked his wife to go and pick them up with him. When did you bring the jackets in? the clerk at the laundry asked. Maybe two weeks ago, Ethan replied. Then, Grace quickly reminded him, "Honey, we actually left them here a month ago." The clerk went into the storage area to look for the clothes. Finally, he returned with the jackets and handed them to Ethan. The clerk politely said, "I am sorry, but please collect your items earlier next time. Our storage is too full." Ethan felt embarrassed for the late collection and apologized. Ethan and Grace came back home with the jackets and checked if Sean had everything else he needed for hiking. Luckily, in his drawers they found his hat, shoes, sunglasses, and hiking sticks. When Sean returned from school, Ethan softly said, "Sean, let's go hiking this Saturday, just the two of us." Though Sean thanked him for the suggestion, he said he had to go to the library. Grace stepped in, "You know, the weather this weekend will be the best of the year. Why not enjoy it?" After a moment's hesitation, he agreed. The weather was perfect. Ethan and Sean set off hiking along the valley by Aicken Mountain. They walked in silence until Sean fell over a rock and twisted his ankle. Realizing he couldn't walk, Ethan carried his son down on his back. He felt Sean's heartbeat, something he hadn't felt since Sean was a baby. Suddenly, Sean said, "Dad, I'm sorry. At some point, I started to become afraid of disappointing you. But you are still the best dad." Energized, he felt no weight on his back and replied, "You are the best son, no matter what."
Possible Titles:
1. Rekindling a Father-Son Bond Through a Memorable Hiking Trip
2. A Hiking Trip Brings Understanding Between Father and Son
3. How a Father and Son Reconnected on Aicken Mountain
4. Overcoming Expectations: A Father and Son’s Journey to Acceptance
Main Idea #1:
Ethan and his son Sean struggle with growing distance as Sean starts middle school.
Main Idea #2:
Ethan, encouraged by Grace, takes Sean hiking to reconnect, leading to a heartfelt moment where Sean expresses his fear of disappointing his father, allowing them to reaffirm their love and understanding for each other.
Summary:
Ethan and Sean's relationship grows distant as Ethan pushes him academically. Prompted by Grace, Ethan invites Sean hiking, where Sean shares his fear of disappointing his father. They reconnect, both acknowledging their deep appreciation for one another.
Key Points:
1. Ethan feels distant from Sean as middle school changes their relationship.
2. Grace suggests a father-son hike to rekindle their bond.
3. A delay in picking up hiking jackets nearly disrupts the trip.
4. After Sean injures his ankle, Ethan carries him, and they have a heartfelt conversation.
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